Abstract
Background: Studies relating the baseline characteristics of patients with community-acquired pneumonia and the bacterial etiological agents to the mortality of the disease are scanty in our environment. This study therefore aimed at determining the contribution of the baseline characteristics of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, the bacterial etiological agents to the mortality in our environment.
Methods: Data of patients with community-acquired pneumonia were retrieved and the effects of these on mortality were studied retrospectively. These data included age, gender, occupations, marital status, smoking, severity assessment using CURB 65 score, alcohol use, sources of referral, and bacterial etiological agents. These were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS version 15.
Results: The age groups with the highest mortality frequencies were those below 30years (41.1%) and above 60years (29.4%). Marital status, gender of patients, use of alcohol and smoking did not seem to affect the mortality rates. Eight patients had concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and four died (50.0%) while 12 patients had bronchial asthma , none of whom died. Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections had the highest mortality rates (5.9% and 17.6%) in cases of single and multiple pathogens respectively. None of the patients had severity score documented on admission.
Conclusion: This is a preliminary study and further studies are necessary to determine the relationship of smoking, alcohol and etiological agents to mortality in community-acquired pneumonia using a larger population as study size.
Keywords: Community-acquired pneumonia, mortality, baseline characteristics.
Résumé
Introduction: Les études exprimant les caractéristiques de base des patients avec la pneumonie acquise de la communauté et les agents bactériens étiologiques à la mortalité de la maladie sont rare dans notre environnement. C’est pourquoi cette étude visa à déterminer la contribution des caractéristiques de base des patients avec la pneumonie acquise de la communauté, les agents bactériens étiologiques à la mortalité dans notre environnement.
Méthode : Les données des patients avec la pneumonie acquise de la communauté étaient recouvrées et les effets de celles-ci sur la mortalité étaient étudiés rétrospectivement. Ces données comprenaient l’âge, gendre, occupations, position maritale, l’habitude de fumer, sévérité de répartition en utilisant 65 scores CURB, usage d’alcool, sources de renvoi, et agents bactériens étiologiques. Ceux-ci étaient assujettis à l’analyse statistique en utilisant la version 15 d’SPSS.
Résultats : Les groupes d’âges avec les plus hautes fréquences de mortalité étaient ceux au-dessous de 30 ans (41,1%) et au-delà de 60 ans (29,4%). La position maritale, gendre des patients, usage d’alcool et habitude de fumer ne s’emblaient pas affecter les taux de mortalité. Huit patients avaient une concomitante maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique et quatre moururent (50,0%) tandis que 12 patients avaient l’asthme bronchial, aucun desquels mourut. Les patients avec les infections de Pseudomonas aeruginosa avaient les plus grands taux de mortalité (5,9% et 17,6%) dans les cas de pathogènes simple et multiple respectivement. Aucun des patients n’avait le score de sévérité documenté à l’admission.
Conclusion : Ceci est une étude préliminaire et des études ultérieures sont nécessaires à déterminer le rapport de l’habitude de fumer, alcool et agents étiologiques à la mortalité dans la pneumonie acquise de la communauté en utilisant une population plus large comme grandeur d’étude.
Mots clé: Pneumonie acquise de la communauté, mortalité, caractéristiques de base
Correspondence: Dr. O.M. Ige, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: olusoji@yahoo.com, omige@comui.edu.ng
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