Laburpena
We determined the normal thyroid volume in Nigerian pregnant women using ultrasound at Nigeria’s largest hospital. A group of 211 nongoitrous healthy pregnant women from the three major Nigerian tribes and five of the six geopolitical zones were studied. The mean age of subjects was 31.14 years ± 3.97 years. Patients in their second and third trimester were 122 (56.4%) and 74 (34.1%) respectively. The parity of the patients ranged from 0 to 5, with 86.2% having a parity of 3 or less. The combined thyroid volume ranged from 5.1 to 33.3cm3 with mean volume of 15.8cm3 ± 4.9cm3 . The right and left lobes had mean volumes of 8.3cm3 ± 2.8cm3 and 7.5cm3 ± 2.5cm3 respectively. Greater than four-fifth of the patients (85.7%) had a thyroid volume less than 21cm3 . There was a weak correlation between the thyroid volume and parity (r =0.212, p= 0.002), but no correlation with gestational age (r=0.122, p=0.082), multiple pregnancy (p =0.715) or maternal age (p=0.193). The values obtained in our study are similar to those from previous studies among Caucasians and in agreement with the argument of the cumulative goitrogenic effect of successive pregnancies.
Keywords: Thyroid gland volume, ultrasound, pregnancy, goitre, Nigeria
Résumé
Les infections parasitaires intestinales sont parmi les infections les plus communes du monde. Au courant de ces récentes années, il y a eu une augmentation des cas reportés des maladies causées par l’usage des légumes fraix, le moyen majeur de transmission des parasites intestinaux. L’étude était faite pour déterminer le niveau de contamination parasitologique des légumes vendues dans les marches sélectionnés au Sud-ouest du Nigéria. Un total de 120 échantillons de différents légumes étaient pris au hazard dans les marchés majeurs de 3 cités. Les légumes étaient analysés par des techniques macroscopiques de sedimentation et de flotation du sulphate de magnesium. Quatre-vingt deux (68%) des legumes etaient positif aux parasites intestinaux desquels l’eau des feuilles (talinium triangulaire) et “soko”( celosis) rapportait la plus grande (100%) contamination parasitaire. Les parasites detectes etaient Ascaris lumbricoides (16.7%), les amibes (18.3%) le spp tenia (4.2%) les strongyloides stercoralis (45.8%),balantidium coli(0.8%). les légumes dans aucune de ces cités avaient presque le meme taux élevé de contamination parasitaire; Ibadan (70%), Ilorin (70%), et Lagos (65%). Cette étude a éclairé le rôle des légumes dans la transmission des parasites intestinaux dans les pays en voie de development. Cependant, les agriculteurs doivent etre sensibilisés sur l’utilisation moderne des terres noires comme engrais et le traitement des eaux d’irrigation. Il y’a aussi un besoin urgent d’amélioration des facilités sanitaires dans nos marchés, aussi bien que les vendeurs de légumes doivent être inclus dans la campagne de sensibilisation.
Correspondence: Dr. G.I Ogbole, Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: gogbole@yahoo.com,gogbole@gmail.com
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