چکیده
Background: Stroke is often characterized by disturbance in balance and mobility among the survivors with its attendant rehabilitation potentials. Static balance serves as a foundation for attainment of functions in patients with stroke, yet its determinants are usually under-estimated.
Aim: This study was therefore designed to determine the influence of some clinical and demographic factors on static balance in stroke survivors.
Material and methods: Eighty (80) hemiparetic stroke survivors participated in this cross-sectional survey. Demographic variables include age, height, weight and body mass index (BMI) whilst knee range of motion, (ROM) duration of stroke, levels of disability and spasticity of the paretic lower limbs of the participants were the clinical variables. Universal Goniometer, Barthel Index, and Modified Ashworth Scale were used to assess ROM, disability and spasticity levels respectively. The outcome measure for static balance was Functional Reach Test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis was performed to establish the correlations between some selected variables and the static balance. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 56.7±12.8 years. They comprised 37(46.2%) right hemiparetic and 43 (53.8%) left hemiparetic patients. Significant positive correlation was observed between functional reach scores and knee ROM, spasticity and disability levels (r=0.3; r=0.5; 0.2) respectively. However, the mean age, weight, height and BMI of the participants were not significantly correlated with functional reach scores.
Conclusion: Joint range of motion, spasticity and disability levels were the main determinants of static balance in stroke survivors. These factors should be considered whilst priotizing goals during rehabilitation of stroke survivors.
Keywords: Stroke survivors, clinical factors, anthropometric factors, Static balance.
Résumé
Contexte: La congestion cérébrale est souvent caractérisée par une perturbation dans l’équilibre et la mobilité des personnes avec ses potentiels de réhabilitation associés. L’équilibre statique aide à la réalisation de fonctions chez les malades de congestion cérébrale, toutefois, ses déterminants sont souvent sous-estimés.
Objectif: Cette étude est destinée à déterminer l’influence de certains facteurs cliniques et démographiques sur l’équilibre statique chez les survivants de congestion cérébrale.
Méthodes: Quatre-vingts (80) survivants de congestion cérébrale hémiparétique ont pris part à cette enquête à caractère d’échantillon. Les variables démographiques comprennent l’âge, la taille, le poids, l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) tandis que l’amplitude du mouvement du genou, la durée de la congestion cérébrale, les niveaux d’infirmité et de spasticité des poumons parétiques inférieurs des participants ont constitué les variables cliniques. Le Goniomètre Universel, l’Index de Barthel, et le Barème Modifié de Ashworth ont servi à évaluer l’AMG, les niveaux d’infirmité et de spasticité respectivement. La mesure résultante pour l’équilibre statique était le Test Fonctionnel de Portée. L’analyse du coefficient de corrélation de Pearson a été effectuée dans le but d’établir les rapports entre quelques variables choisies et l’équilibre statique. Le niveau d’importance était fixé à p<0,05.
Résultats: l’âge moyen des participants était de 56,7±12,8 ans. Ils comprennent 37(46,3%) malades de l’hemiparétique droit et de 43 (53,8%) malades de l’hemiparétique gauche. On a remarqué une corrélation positive importante entre les valeurs de portée fonctionnelle et les niveaux de l’amplitude du mouvement du genou, de spasticité et d’infirmité (r=0,3; r=0,5; 0,2) respectivement. Cependant, l’âge moyen, le poids et l’IMC des participants n’avaient pas de corrélation importante avec les valeurs de portée fonctionnelle.
Conclusion: les niveaux d’écart du mouvement de l’articulation, de spasticité et d’infirmité étaient les déterminants majeurs de l’équilibre statique chez les malades de congestion cérébrale. Ces facteurs doivent être pris en compte en donnant la priorité aux objectifs pendant la réhabilitation des survivants de la congestion cérébrale.
Correspondence: Dr. Ajediran I. Bello, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana. E-mail:iabello@chs.edu.gh
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