摘要
Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidant properties of methanolic (MEMS) and aqueous (AEMS) extracts of Musa sapientum roots were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Thirty adult male Wistar albino rats divided into five groups of 6 rats each were used:- group 1 – non-diabetic untreated (controls), group 2 - diabetic untreated, and groups 3, 4 and 5 - diabetic rats treated with 250mg/kg bodyweight MEMS and AEMS, and 500mg/kg bodyweight glibenclamide (a standard anti-diabetic drug), respectively. There was severe progressive weight loss in the untreated diabetic rats, while the rats in all the treated diabetic groups gained weight. While there was progressive hyperglycaemia in untreated diabetic rats, with blood glucose levels reaching a peak of 335.5±1.1mg/dl on day 7 post-induction, compared to 76.8±0.8mg/dl on day 0, these values were reduced to 80.7±0.5, 86.6±0.6 and 86.8±0.5 in MEMS, AEMS and glibenclamide-treated diabetic rats 15 days post-treatment. Also there were decreases in serum lipid peroxidation and increases in serum superoxide dismutase activities in MEMS, AEMS and glibenclamide-treated diabetic rats 15 days post-treatment. Lesions observed in the organs of untreated diabetic rats include selective necrosis of pancreatic beta islet cells, hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, glomerulonephrosis and cardiovascular degeneration. Treatment of diabetic rats with AEMS and glibenclamide caused a total mitigation, while treatment with the MEMS achieved partial but considerable reduction in the severity of the lesions. It is concluded that aqueous and methanolic extracts of Musa sapientum roots possess anti-diabetic activities comparable to glibenclamide.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, Musa sapientum root extracts, anti-oxidant, antihyperglycaemic, Albino rats.
Résumé
Les propriétés antiglycémiantes et antioxydants du méthanol (MSME) et les extraits aqueux des racines de Musa Sapientum étaient investiguées en alloxane-induit chez les rats diabétiques. Trente rats adultes males wistar albinos divisés en cinq groupes de 6 rats chacun étaient utilisés : groupe :1- groupe Non diabétiques non traités( contrôle), Diabétiques non traités et groupe 3,4 et 5-rats diabétiques traités avec 250mg/kg de poids corporel MEMS et AEMS, et 500mg/kg de poids corporel, glibenclamide (un médicament antidiabétique standard) respectivement. Il y’avait une sévère perte progressive de poids chez les rats diabétiques non traités, alors que les rats de tous les groupes diabétiques traités prenaient du poids. Pendant qu’il y’avait une hyperglycémie progressive chez les rats diabétiques non traités, avec un taux de glucose dans le sang attenant un maximum de 335.5 ± 1.1mg/dl au jour 7 après l’induction, comparé a76.8 ± 0.8mg/dl au jour 0. Ces valeurs étaient réduite à 80.7 ± 0.5, 86.6 ± 0.6 et 86.8 ± 0.5 chez les rats diabétiques traités de MEMS, AEMS et glibenclamide, 15 jours après le traitement. Il y’avait aussi une baisse en peroxydation de sérum lipide et augmentation en activité de sérum superoxide dismutase chez les rats diabétiques traités en MEMS, AEMS et glibenclamide, 15 jours après le traitement. Les lésions observées sur les organes des rats diabétiques non traites inclus une nécrose sélective des cellules Beta du pancréas, la dégénération hépatocellulaire et la nécrose, glomérulonéphrite et la dégénération cardiovasculaire. Le traitement des rats diabétiques avec AEMS et glibenclamide a cause une mitigation totale, alors que le traitement avec le MEMS a atteint partiellement le but avec une réduction considérable de la sévérité de la lésion. Il est conclu que les extraits méthanoïques et aqueuse des racines de Musa sapientum ont des activités antidiabétiques comparable à la glibenclamide
Correspondence : Dr. Elsie O. Adewoye, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: elolade@yahoo.com
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