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Background: Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) infection is an important public health problem in
developing countries which adversely affects pregnant women and their newborn infants. The epidemiology of
STH among pregnant women has not been fully explored in Nigeria. We examined the prevalence, intensity
and risk factors of STH among antenatal care attendees in Ibadan.
Methods: A cross sectional facility-based study was conducted among the 326 pregnant women attending
antenatal care clinics in six selected Primary Health Care centers, in the peri-urban areas of Ibadan Oyo State.
An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on the socio-demographic,
maternal, environmental characteristics and hygiene practices. Kato-Katz method was used to identify the
presence of STH from stool samples. Data were analysed using chi-square and bivariate logistic analysis.
Results: The overall prevalence of STH was 13.8%, 95% CI (10.0 -17.7). Ascaris lumbricoides 12.8%, 95% CI
(9.5 -16.9) was the most prevalent followed by hookworm infection 0.6%, 95% CI (-0.2 – 0.15) and Trichuris
trichuria 0.3%, 95% CI (- 0.2 – 0.9). Majority of the infection were of light intensity (44 out of 45). Walking
bare footed in the home environment increased the likelihood of being infected with STH [OR 1.93 95% CI
(1.01 -3.72) p=0.048] compared with women who wore shoes.
Conclusion: STH infection is prevalent among pregnant women in the peri-urban region of Ibadan. Therefore
public health interventions like active surveillance of STH and the prescription of deworming drugs will be
beneficial tofor pregnant women.
Keywords: Soil transmitted helminthes, pregnancy, prevalence, intensity.
Résumé
Contexte: L’infection par les helminthes transmissibles par le sol (HTS) est un problème de santé publique
important dans les pays en voie de développement, qui affecte négativement les femmes enceintes et leurs
nouveau-nés. L’épidémiologie des HTS chez les femmes enceintes n’a pas été complètement explorée au
Nigéria. Nous avons examiné la prévalence, l’intensité et les facteurs de risque des HTS chez des patientes en
soins prénatals à Ibadan.
Méthodes: Une étude transversale a été réalisée parmi les 326 femmes enceintes fréquentant les cliniques de
soins prénatals dans six centres de soins de santé primaires sélectionnés, dans les zones périurbaines d’Ibadan,
l’État Oyo. Un questionnaire administré par l’intervieweur a été utilisé pour obtenir des informations sur les
caractéristiques sociodémographiques, maternelles, environnementales et les pratiques d’hygiène. La méthode
de Kato-Katz a été utilisée pour identifier la présence d’HTS à partir d’échantillons de selles. Les données ont
été analysées en utilisant l’analyse chi-carré et la logistique bi-variée.
Résultats: La prévalence globale d’HTS était de 13,8%, IC 95% (10,0 - 17,7). Ascaris lombricoïdes 12,8%,
95% CI (9,5 -16,9) était la plus fréquente suivie par Ankylostomiase 0,6%, IC 95% (-0,2 - 0,15) et Trichuristrichuria 0,3%, IC 95% (- 0,2 - 0,9). La majorité des infections était d’intensité faible (44 sur 45). Marcher
pieds nus dans l’environnement du ménage a augmenté la probabilité d’être infecté par HTS [OR 1,93 95% CI
(1,01 - 3,72) p = 0,048] par rapport aux femmes qui portaient des chaussures.
Conclusion: L’infection par l’HTS est prévalent chez les femmes enceintes dans la région périurbaine
d’Ibadan. Par conséquent, les interventions de santé publique comme la surveillance active des HTS et la
prescription de médicaments antihelminthiques pour les femmes enceintes.
Mots-clés: Helminthes transmissibles par le sol, grossesse, prévalence, intensité, facteurs
Correspondence: Dr. Ikeola Adeoye, Department of Epdemiology and Medical Statistics, Faclty of Public Health,
College of Medicine, Universityof Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail- adeoyeikeola@yahoo.com
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