Апстракт
Background:Most dentists depend on the history given by the patients when assessing their medical status. However, quite a number of these patients may be unaware of their medical condition, which may be significant in the planning of their dental treatment.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and the factors associated with hyperglycaemia among patients presenting at a tertiary Dental Clinic in Nigeria.
Methodology: Their blood samples were assessed for glucose by means of a glucometer (Accu-Chek® Active, Roche diagnostic). Random blood glucose (RBS) equal to or greater than 200mg/dl was considered diabetic. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Nine (4.4%) of the 203 patients seen were diabetic with a male to females ratio of 1:2. Gender, socioeconomic status, body mass index, family history of diabetes was not significantly associated with abnormal blood glucose. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean ages of patients with normal blood glucose (39.2+12.4) and diabetes mellitus (55.5+16.9) (p=.000). About 51.2% (104) of the subjects have never checked their blood sugar.
Conclusion: This study showed that patients’ account of their systemic status is not always reliable. Thus, it will be of immense benefit if dentist seeks symptom/sign that may aid in identifying those at risk or those that are already diabetic. Furthermore, routine screening for diabetes mellitus amongst patients aged 45 years and above may reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.
Keywords: Prevalence, undiagnosed, diabetes, dental, outpatients, medical history
Résumé
Introduction : La plupart des soins diabétiques dépendent de l’histoire donnée par les patients lors de l’évaluation de leur état de santé. Cependant, un certain nombre de ces patients peut ne pas être au courant de leur état de santé, ce qui peut ne pas être important dans la planification de leur traitement dentaire. Afin de déterminer la prévalence du diabète non diagnostiqué et les facteurs associés à l’hyperglycémie chez les patients se présentant dans une clinique dentaire tertiaire au Nigeria.
Méthodologie : Les échantillons sanguins ont été évalués par le glucose à l’aide d’un glucomètre (Accu-Chek ® Active, Roche diagnostic). La glycémie aléatoire supérieure ou égale à 200 mg/dl était considérée comme diabétique. La signification statistique était fixée à p < 0,05.
Résultats : Neuf (4,4%) des 203 patients consultés étaient diabétiques avec un ratio mâle / femelle de 1:2, le statut socio-économique, l’indice de masse corporel et les antécédents familiaux de diabète n’étaient pas significativement associées à la glycémie anormale. Cependant, il y avait une différence statistiquement significative entre l’âge moyen des patients avec glycémie normale (39,2 ± 12,4) et ceux atteint du diabète sucré (55,5 ± 16,9) (p = .000). Près de 51,2% (104) des sujets n’ont jamais vérifié leur taux de sucre sanguin.
Conclusion : Cette étude a montré que le bilan du statut systémique des patients n’est pas toujours fiable. Ainsi, il sera d’un grand avantage de la recherche des symptômes et signes qui pourront aider à identifier les personnes à risque ou ceux qui sont déjà diabétique. En outre, le dépistage systématique du diabète sucré chez les patients âgés de 45 ans et plus peut réduire la morbidité et la mortalité associées à la maladie.
Correspondence: Dr. O.I. Opeodu, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: opeodulanre@yahoo.com
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