Povzetek
Background: Asthma and obesity have considerable impact on public health. There is increase prevalence of both conditions worldwide. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of obesity among asthma patients as well as determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on asthma severity and pulmonary functions.
Methods:The study was conducted at the asthma clinic of the medical outpatient of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja. Ethical clearance was obtained from the hospital’s research and ethics committee. Non probability sampling method was used with consecutive asthma patients diagnosed by the respiratory physicians according to NHLBI guideline recruited into the study. The
weight, height and pulmonary function tests were carried out using standard methods. A carefully designed interviewer administered questionnaire were used to collect information on the socio demographic characteristics of the patient, asthma symptoms, control use of rescue medications and emergency visits.
Results: One hundred and fifty eight (158) asthma patients participated in the study. There were 63 (39.9%) males and 95 (60.1%) females. The prevalence of obesity was 53.8%. The mean age of respondents was 46.48±17.16 years. Age, educational level and employment status were related to the body mass index while gender and duration of asthmawere not. There was no difference in the severity of asthma and utilization of emergency services across the BMI categories. The obese asthmatics generally recorded lower lung function volumes compared with the non-obese asthmatic groups.
Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity is high among the asthmatics studied. There is no difference in asthma severity across the BMI categories. Pulmonary functions are lower in obese asthmatics.
Keywords: Asthma, severity, body mass index, obesity
Résumé
Introduction: L’asthme et l’obésité ont un impact considérable en santé publique avec une augmentation de la prévalence mondiale. Cette étude était faite pour déterminer la prévalence de l’obésité parmi les patients asthmatiques et les effets de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) sur la sévérité de l’asthme et des fonctions pulmonaires.
Méthodologie: L’étude a eu lieu dans la clinique médicale de l’hôpital tertiaire de Lagos. La méthode de choix non-probalistique était utilisée de façon consécutive pour recruter les patients asthmatique diagnostiqués par les médecins spécialisés en respiration selon le guide de NHLBI (National Heart Lung and Blood institute). Le poids, la taille et les fonctions pulmonaires étaient mesurés par des méthodes standards. Une interview précise suivie d’un questionnaire était administré pour la collecte des informations sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques du patient, des symptômes asthmatiques, sur le contrôle des médicaments d’urgences et les visites urgentes.
Résultats: Cent cinquante huit (158) patients asthmatiques ont participé à cette étude, composé de 63 (39.9%) males et 95 (60.1%) femelles. La prévalence de l’obésité était de 53.8%. L’âge moyen des sujets interrogés était 46.48±17.16 ans. L’âge, le niveau d’éducation et le statut professionnel étaient liée à l’indice de masse corporel, tandis que le genre et la durée de l’asthme ne l’étaient pas. Il n’y avait pas de différence entre la sévérité de l’asthme et l’utilisation des services d’ambulance auprès des catégories BMI.
Conclusion: Les sujets asthmatiques obèses présentaient généralement un volume des fonctions pulmonaires faible comparé au groupe des sujets asthmatiques non-obèses (normaux).
Correspondence: Dr. O.O. Adeyeye, Pulmonology Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos State College of Medicine, 1-5 Oba Akinjobi Street, Ikeja GRA, E-mail: olufunkeadeyeye@yahoo.com
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