Sammendrag
Congenital club foot has been sparsely reported in literature in Nigeria, although it has been reported as the commonest congenital musculoskeletal abnormality. This study enumerates the point prevalence of this disease in a university teaching hospital in Lagos. Better understanding of the epidemiology in our community should improve awareness, and influence management. Between June 2005 and July 2006, 72 consecutive patients with congenital club feet were seen in the orthopaedic clinic of our Hospital. Demographic data, birth weight, family history, birth facility, maternal age and associated congenital anomalies were recorded and analysed using Statistical Programme for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15. A total of 72 patients were seen, 28 of whom had bilateral club feet resulting in a total of 100 feet. There were 38 males and 34 females. Only 29% presented in the first month of life and 28% in the second month. Maternal ages ranged between 19 and 38 years and no family history of congenital club foot was given.. Babies delivered outside the orthodox medical system (churches, traditional healers, home etc) constituted 28%. The commonest associated congenital anomalies were tibia hemimelia, hydrocephalus, inguinal hernia and umbilical hernia. A default rate of 28% was observed during treatment. Congenital club foot may not be uncommon in Nigeria. Late presentation and high default rate before correction of the deformity were observed. Establishment of special club foot clinics should reduce the default rate. Training of healthcare workers in maternity units as well as Public awareness should encourage early referral to specialists.
Keywords: Congenital anomalies, congenital club foot, tibia hemimelia.
Résumé
La maladie congénitale des pieds a été rarement rapporte dans les littératures au Nigeria, bien que celle-ci est une anomalie congénitale musculo-squeletale la plus commune. Cette étude évaluait les taux de prévalence de cette maladie au centre universitaire hospitalier de Lagos pour une bonne compréhension de l’épidémiologique dans notre communauté afin d’améliorer la sensibilité et influencer sur les soins. De juin 2005 – juillet 2006, 72 patients consécutifs ayant des désordres congénitaux des pieds étaient consultes dans la clinique orthopédique de cet hôpital. Les données démographiques, poids a la naissance, histoire de la famille, les facilites de naissance, l’âge maternel et les anomalies congénitales associes étaient enregistres et analyses utilisant le programme statistique pour les sciences sociales(SPSS) version 15. Vingt huit des 72 patients avaient une anomalie bilatérale. Ils y avaient 38 males et 34 femelles. Seulement 29% étaient dans leur premier mois de vie et 28% dans le second mois. Les âges maternels variaient entre 19-38 ans et aucune histoire de désordre congénitale. Les bébés délivrés hors du système médical orthodoxe constituaient 28%. L’hemimelie du tibia, l’hydro encéphalite, hernie inguinale et l’hernie ombilicale étaient les plus commun associes aux anomalies congénitales. Un taux de défaut de 28% était observe durant le traitement. La présentation tardive et le taux de défaut élevé avant la correction de la déformation étaient observes. La construction des cliniques des soins spéciaux aux pieds pourrait réduire ce taux. La formation des personnels de sante dans les unités de maternité aussi bien que les campagnes de sensibilisation doivent être encouragées référés les cas cliniques tôt aux spécialités.
Correspondence: Dr. OA Adewole, Department of Surgery, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: l.adewole@yahoo.com
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