Absztrakt
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been reported to be a leading cause of nosocomial infections. Resistance of this notorious bacterium to commonly used antimicrobial agents is becoming an increasing clinical problem and a recognized public health threat because there are limited number of antimicrobial agents including the antipseudomonal penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones with reliable activity against it. This study was therefore carried out, using Bauer-Kirby method, to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from inpatients and out-patients attending the University College Hospital, Ibadan in Nigeria between June 2004 and May 2006. The isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical specimens was found to be 16.8% with the highest occurrence of 41.9% in ear swab followed by 39.3% occurrence in wound swab. The susceptibility pattern showed that 78.3% were sensitive to amikacin and 72.0% to ciprofloxacin. The isolates from the in-patients showed higher resistance to all the antibiotics tested than the isolates from the out-patients, most especially amikacin and ciprofloxacin. However, no consistent antibiotic susceptibility pattern could be established for this pathogenic bacterium based on sources. In conclusion, the
Pseudomonas aeruginosa species harboured by in-patients showed higher rates of antibiotic resistance than those of the out-patients. Also amikacin and ciprofloxacin were the two antibiotics found to be most potent against this pathogen.
Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anti pseudomonal drugs, Susceptibility.
Résumé
Le pseudonome aruginose a été rapporte étant la cause majeur des infections nosocomiales. La résistance a cette bactérie notorieuse aux agents antimicrobiens est devenu un problème de santé clinique et publique croissant avec peu des agents antimicrobiens effectif inclus les pénicillines, céphalosporines, carbapenemes, aminoglycosides et fluoroquinolones. Cette étude était faite utilisant la méthode de Bauer Kirby pour déterminer les fréquences de susceptibilité des isolats de pseudonome aux antibiotiques au centre universitaire hospitalier d Ibadan au Nigeria entre Juin 2004 á Mai 2006.Le taux d’isolation des échantillons de pseudonome aruginose en clinique était de 16.8% avec un taux plus élevé de 41.9% des isolats obtenus de l’oreille, suivit de 39.3% des isolats obtenus des blessures. La fréquence de susceptibilité montrait que 78.3% était sensible á l’amakacine et 72.0% au ciprofloxacine. Les isolats des patients admis démontraient une résistance élevée aux antibiotiques testés. Cependant une fréquence de susceptibilité d’antibiotiques pas consistent pourrait être établi pour cette bactérie pathogénique en fonction de leurs sources. En conclusion, les espèces de pseudonome arigunose cultivés par les patients en admission démontraient des taux de résistance plus élevé contrairement aux patients externes. Les deux antibiotiques, l’amakacine et la ciproflxacine étaient les plus efficaces contre ce pathogène.
Correspondence: Mr. Ogbolu D. Olusoga, GPO Box 17462, Dugbe, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email:olusogadave@yahoo.com
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