Sažetak
Background: Unintentional home fall injuries contribute to the morbidity and mortality burden in developing countries. Rural-Urban variation on the burden of unintentional home fall injuries in Africa is poorly documented. We compared the prevalence and factors associated with unintentional home fall injuries among household members in rural and urban areas of South Western Nigeria.
Methods: We conducted a community-based cross sectional survey using a three-stage cluster sampling technique to select 4433 individuals from 1015 households from selected settlements in a rural and urban Local Government Areas (LGAs). A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on household members’ characteristics, individual injury experience and nature of injury experienced. Chi square test and logistic regression were used to determine factors associated with unintentional home fall injuries.
Results: Overall, the incidence of unintentional home falls injury was 171/1000 per year with a significantly higher incidence in the urban (195/1000 per year) compared to rural (150/1000 per year) areas. The odds of experiencing unintentional home fall injuries was 1.47 times higher in household members living in urban areas compared to their rural counterparts (OR=1.47; 95%CI: 1.13-1.92).
Conclusion: The burden of unintentional home fall injuries is high with a significantly higher urban preponderance. Enforcement of building codes to ensure safety of the home environment especially in urban areas is also recommended for resource poor countries like Nigeria.
Keywords: unintentional injury, rural-urban, home injury, falls
Résumé
Contexte: Les traumatismes involontaires causés par les chutes à domicile contribuent au fardeau de la morbidité et de la mortalité dans les pays en voie de développement. La variation rurale-urbaine du fardeau des traumatismes involontaires dus aux chutes à domicile en Afrique est peu documentée. Nous avons comparé la prévalence et les facteurs associés aux blessures non intentionnelles à la maison chez des membres de ménage dans les zones rurales et urbaines du sud-ouest du Nigeria.
Méthodes: Nous avons mené une enquête transversale en utilisant une technique d’échantillonnage en en trois groupes d’étapes pour sélectionner 4433 individus de 1015 ménages provenant d’établissements sélectionnés dans une zone de mairie rurale et urbaine. Un questionnaire structuré a été utilisé pour obtenir des informations sur les caractéristiques des membres du ménage, l’expérience individuelle des blessures et la nature des blessures subies. Le test du Chi carré et la régression logistique ont été utilisés pour déterminer les facteurs associés aux blessures des chutes non intentionnelles à la maison.
Résultats: Dans l’ensemble, l’incidence des traumatismes de chute non intentionnels à la maison était de 171/1,000 par an, avec une incidence nettement plus élevée dans les zones urbaines (195/1,000 par an) que dans les zones rurales (150/1,000 par an). Les probabilités de subir des blessures de chute involontaires à la maison étaient 1,47 fois plus élevées chez les membres des ménages vivant en zone urbaine que chez leurs homologues ruraux (OR = 1,47, IC à 95%: 1,13-1,92).
Conclusion: Le fardeau des blessures non intentionnelles à la maison est important, avec une prépondérance urbaine significativement plus élevée. L’application des codes du bâtiment pour assurer la sécurité de l’environnement domestique, en particulier dans les zones urbaines, est également recommandée pour les pays à ressources pauvres comme le Nigeria.
Mots-clés: Blessures non intentionnelles, milieu rural-urbain, blessures à la maison, chutes
Correspondence: Dr, O.C. Uchendu, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail:obioma234@yahoo.co.uk
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