Abstrakti
Background: Idiopathic Inflammatory myopathies(IIM) are rare connective tissue diseases and have been rarely reported among Nigerians.
Objective : To study the clinical, laboratory and electromyographic characteristics of Nigerian patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
Method: In a retrospective study, patients attending a private practice rheumatology clinic in Lagos and fulfilling the Bohan and Peter’s criteria for polymyositis and dermatomyositis were examined and common causes of proximal muscle weakness were excluded. Haematological, biochemical, serological and electromyographic studies were carried out. Patients were treated with standard drugs.
Results: Fourteen patients(F-13, M-1) were diagnosed with Polymyositis(PM) and Dermatomyositis(DM). Seven had probable PM, 4 with possible PM and 3 with probable DM. Mean age was 35 years ( range 22-54) ESR was markedly raised mean 105/min( 26-150) .Muscle and liver enzymes were raised in all patients. Creatinine kinase median 1134( 29-10,166); lactic dehydrogenase median 477( 209-787); ALT 43( 19-233); AST 136( 25-725). Serology for ANF was positive in eight patients; Anti Jo1 in 1 out of 9 while Anti Mi2 was negative in all tested.EMG in 6 tested showed myopathic pattern.
Conclusion: Inflammatory myopathies are rare among Nigerians but a heightened awareness is needed for diagnosis and management.
Keywords: Idiopathic Inflammatory myopathies, Nigerians clinical, laboratory features
Résumé
Contexte: Les myopathies inflammatoires idiopathiques (IIM) sont des maladies des tissus conjonctifs rares et ont été rarement signalés chez les Nigérians.
Objectif: Etudier les caractéristiques cliniques, biologiques et électromyographiques des patients nigérians atteints de la polymyosite et de la dermatomyosite.
Méthode: Dans une étude rétrospective, les patients faisant l’objet d’une pratique clinique de rhumatologie privée à Lagos et à l’accomplissement de la Bohan et les critères de Peter pour la polymyosite et la dermatomyosite ont été examinés et les causes communes de la faiblesse des muscles proximaux ont été exclues. Les études hématologiques, biochimiques, sérologiques et électromyographiques ont été réalisées. Les patients ont été traités avec des médicaments standards.
Résultats: Quatorze patients atteints de polymyosite (PM) et la dermatomyosite (DM) (F-13, M-1) ont été diagnostiqués. Sept PM sont probables, possible avec 4 PM et 3 DM. L’âge moyen était de 35 ans (extrêmes: 22-54). L’ESR a été nettement relevé signifie 105/min (26-150). Des muscles et des enzymes hépatiques ont été augmentés de volume chez tous les patients. La créatinine kinase médiane 1134 (29-10,166); le médiane déshydrogénase lactique 477 (209-787), ALT 43 (19-233); AST 136 (25-725). La s,k,kkérologie pour ANF a été positive chez huit patients; Jo1 Anti dans 1 cas sur 9, tandis que Anti Mi2 était négatif dans tous les cas après leur analyse. Six (6) EMG testés ont montré des traits myopathiques.
Conclusion: Les myopathies inflammatoires sont rares chez les Nigérians mais une prise de conscience est nécessaire pour le diagnostic et la gestion.
Correspondence: Prof. O.O. Adelowo, P.O.Box 7231, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: femiadelowo2003@yahoo.com
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