Abstrakti
Background: Nevirapine is a very potent antiretroviral drug frequently used in the management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Opportunistic pathologies in HIV/AIDS patients include gastric ulcer and gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Hence, the impact of nevirapine on induced gastric ulcer was studied using Wistar rats.
Methods: Anti-ulcer activity of nevirapine was evaluated using cold restraint stress-induced, ethanol-induced and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer models for acute ulceration; and acetic acid-induced ulcer model for the chronic ulceration in Wistar rats.
Results: Nevirapine (9mg/kg, 18mg/kg and 36mg/kg ) showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in ulcer severity score and ulcer index as compared to the control in the models, with corresponding increase in percentage inhibition. Histopathological studies showed that nevirapine has a positive effect on the healing of gastric ulcer in the groups treated with the nevirapine compared with the control. The induced ulcers healed up in all the groups administered with nevirapine compared to what was found in the omeprazole group where manifestations of ulcer like inflammatory cells infiltration is still present.
Conclusion: Nevirapine may possess highly therapeutic effect in the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal complications that might come with the presence of HIV virus in patients
Keywords: Nevirapine, gastric ulcer, anti-ulcer, ulcer-healing, omeprazole, ranitidine.
Résumé
Contexte: La névirapine est un médicament antirétroviral très puissant fréquemment utilisé dans la gestion du virus d’immunodéficience humain (VIH). Les pathologies opportunistes chez les patients atteints du VIH / SIDA comprennent l’ulcère gastrique et l’hémorragie gastro-intestinale. Ainsi, l’impact de la névirapine sur l’ulcère gastrique induit été étudiée en utilisant des rats Wistar.
Méthodes: L’activité anti-ulcère de la névirapine a été évaluée à l’aide de retenue froid des modèles d’ulcère gastrique induits par le stress, par l’éthanol et par ligature pylore pour l’ulcération aiguë; et le modèle d’ulcère induite par l’acide acétique pour l’ulcération chronique chez les rats Wistar.
Résultats: La névirapine (9 mg / kg, 18 mg / kg et 36 mg / kg) ont montré une réduction significative (P <0,05) du score de gravité de l’ulcère et indice d’ulcère par rapport au témoin dans les modèles, avec augmentation correspondant dans le pourcentage d’inhibition. Les études histo-pathologiques ont montré que la névirapine a un effet positif sur la guérison de l’ulcère gastrique chez les groupes traités avec la névirapine par rapport au témoin. Les ulcères induits guéris dans tous les groupes avec la névirapine par rapport à ce qui a été trouvé dans le groupe oméprazole où des manifestations de l’ulcère comme infiltration de cellules inflammatoires est toujours présent.
Conclusion: La névirapine peut posséder effet hautement thérapeutique dans le traitement et la prévention des complications gastro-intestinales qui pourraient survenir avec la présence du virus VIH chez les patients
Mots-clés: névirapine, ulcère gastrique, anti-ulcère, guérison d’ulcère, oméprazole, ranitidine
Correspondence: Dr. S.A Onasanwo, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Email: samphil2002@yahoo.com; sa.onasanwo@gmail.ui.edu.ng.
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