Laburpena
Background: Kolanut (Cola nitida) is consumed in virtually every part of the world. The caffeine content of kolanut is scarce and the number of investigations studying the health benefits of kolanut is negligible compared to coffee.
Objective: The present study was designed to identify the caffeine content of kolanut and evaluate the effect of its chronic consumption on cardiovascular functions in rats.
Methods: The caffeine content of kolanut was determined by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (10 Rats/group). Kolanut extract (11.9 mg/kg), caffeine extracted from kolanut (7.5 mg/kg), decaffeinated of kolanut extract (6 mg/kg) and distilled water (control) was administered orally to each group for six-weeks. Effect of treatment on body weight, blood pressure and relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of the aortic rings was assessed.
Results:The total caffeine content of kolanut extract was found to be 51% and it was 96% pure from GC-MS analysis. Chronic consumption of kolanut and caffeine significantly (p<0.05) decreased body weight. Similarly, kolanut extract decaffeinated kolanut and caffeine significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the contractile response to noradrenaline and higher potassium solution. Kolanut extract and caffeine also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the mean arterial blood pressure. Caffeine and kolanut consumption reduced the relaxation response to both acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. Atropine and L-NAME considerably inhibit the ACh-induced relaxation of the rat aortic ring suggesting the involvement of cholinergic mechanism. However, indomethacin (10-4M) also attenuated the ACh response indicating involvement of protanoids.
Conclusion:The results suggest that treatment with both kolanut extract and caffeine had similar characteristics between the two groups with no significant differences in the ACh-induced relaxation of the ring suggesting that the action of kolanut extract is due to its caffeine content.
Keywords: Kolanut extract, caffeine- induced relaxation, aortic rings, decaffeinated caffeine.
Résumé
Introduction: La noix de cola (Cola nitida) est consommée dans pratiquement toutes les parties du monde. La teneur en caféine de Kola est rare et le nombre d’enquêtes qui étudient les bienfaits pour la santé de Kola est négligeable par rapport à café. La présente étude visait à déterminer la teneur en caféine du colatier et évaluer l’effet de sa consommation chronique sur les fonctions cardiovasculaires chez les rats.
Méthodes: La teneur en caféine de Kola a été déterminée par chromatographie en phase gazeuse-spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS). Les rats albinos Wistar ont été divisés en quatre groupes (10 rats / groupe). L’extrait de noix de cola (11,9 mg / kg), de la caféine extraite de noix de cola (7,5 mg / kg), de l’extrait décaféiné de kolanut (6 mg / kg) et d’eau distillée (témoins) a été administré par voie orale à chaque groupe de six semaines. Effet du traitement sur le poids corporel, la pression artérielle et relaxation réponse à l’acétylcholine (ACh), et nitroprussiate de sodium (SNP) de la crosse aortique anneaux était évaluée.
Résultats: La teneur totale en caféine de l’extrait de noix de cola a été constatée à 51% et elle est de 96% pure à partir de l’analyse GC-MS. Une consommation chronique de Kola et de la caféine de façon significative (p <0,05) diminution du poids corporel. Une consommation chronique de Kola et de la caféine (p <0,05) diminution du poids corporel. De même, l’extrait de noix de cola décaféiné kolanut et la caféine (p <0,05) réduit la réponse contractile à la noradrénaline et de la solution de potassium supérieur. Extrait de noix de cola et de la caféine a également à (p <0,05) ont augmenté la pression artérielle moyenne. La consommation de caféine et colatier réduit la réponse de relaxation à l’acétylcholine et sodium nitroprusside Atropine et le L-NOM inhibent considérablement la relaxation ACh-incitée du rat l’anneau aortique suggérant le rôle de mécanisme cholinergique. Cependant, l’indométacine (10- 4M) a également atténué la réponse ACh indiquant l’implication de protanoides.
Conclusion: Les résultats suggèrent que le traitement combiné d’extrait de noix de cola et de la caféine avait des caractéristiques similaires entre les deux groupes sans différence significative dans la relaxation induite par l’ACh sur l’anneau ce qui suggère que l’action de l’extrait de noix de cola est due à sa teneur en caféine.
Correspondence: Dr. H.M. Salahdeen, Department of Physiology, Smooth Muscles Research Group, Lagos State University, College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: hmsalahdeen@yahoo.ca; hussein.salahdeen@lasucom.edu.ng
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