Schlagwörter
Cardiovascular Health
WHO/ ISH
Military
Civil servant
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading
cause of preventable morbidity and mortality globally.
However, while the reduction in the burden of this disease
is being achieved in developed nations due to effective
screening and pragmatic interventions, developing
nations like Nigeria still grapple with high burdens of the
disease. Multivariate risk prediction tools for CVD
screening helps in early identification, risk communication,
and prompt intervention in specific population groups
with moderate to high risk of CVD. The study was
conducted to assess and compare the cardiovascular risk
profiles of military personnel and civil servants in Ibadan,
Oyo state.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study of military
personnel and civil servants aged e”40 years was
conducted in Ibadan between November 2018 and
February 2019. Participants were selected from Adekunle
Fajuyi cantonment Ojoo and Federal Secretariat Agodi
Ibadan using a two-stage simple random and systematic
random sampling technique. A pre-tested semi-structured,
interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to elicit
information. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.
The respondents’ cardiovascular risk profile was
determined and compared using WHO/ ISH risk prediction
tools and categorized into- low, moderate, and high, based
on their risk score. Associations were tested using the
Chi-square test, and predictors of cardiovascular risk were
determined using logistic regression with a level of
statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: There were a total of 560 respondents [military
277(49.5%) and civil servants 283 (50.5%]. The statistically
significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease among
the military personnel were tobacco (p<0.001) and alcohol
use (p=0.003). While among the civil servants the risk
factors were physical inactivity (p<0.001), family history
of hypertension (p=0.001), high BMI (p=0.001), high total
cholesterol (p=0.002), and high LDL (p=0.003). The
predictors of moderate to high cardiovascular risk among
the respondents were: alcohol use [OR 2.05 (95%CI= 1.28-
3.29)] and high BMI [OR= 0.26, (95% CI = 0.14-0.50]. The
study showed that male military personnel had a higher
burden of moderate to high cardiovascular risk compared
with male civil servants (p=0.279). While female military
personnel had a lower burden of cardiovascular risk
compared with female civil servants (p=0.122).
Conclusion: The predictors of moderate to high
cardiovascular risk among the respondents were alcohol
intake and high BMI. The Nigerian military authority and
Federal civil service commission should improve
awareness campaigns on the causes and prevention of
CVD among personnel.
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