Orbital exenteration in Ibadan, Nigeria - experience from a tertiary health facility

Resumé

Purpose: To report the demographic profile, clinical presentation, histological diagnoses and outcome of treatment in patients who had orbital exenteration(OE) in a tertiary health facility

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all patients who had OE over a 10-year period.

Results: Sixty-eight patients (M: F, 1.2:1) had OE with a mean age of 37.8 ± 23.4 years and peak age between 30 and 49 years. The ocular surface was the most common site of tumor origin in 35 (51.5%) patients, followed by spread of intraocular tumour into the orbit in 7 (10.3%) patients. Sixty (88.2%) patients underwent OE for malignant tumours of which invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ocular surface accounted for 32 (47.1%) cases.Twenty-eight (41.2%) patients tested positive for HIV, 27 (39.7%) of whom had invasive SCC. Twenty-six (38.2%) patients commenced adjuvant treatment post-operatively of whom 7 (10.3%) had complete treatment, while 34(51.5%) patients abandoned further post-operative treatment.All seven patients who completed their adjuvant treatment were alive and tumor free at 6 months to 74 months post-treatment; while eight of the 34 patients who abandoned postoperative treatment developed tumor recurrence.

Conclusions: Orbital invasion of ocular surface squamous carcinoma is the most common indication for OE in our center.Adjuvant chemotherapy increased survival of patients with advanced orbital malignancies post-exenteration, and presumably improved their quality of life. Health education of the populaceon early presentation to appropriate health facilities may reduce the burden of cases requiring orbital exenteration.

Keywords: Ibadan, Nigeria, Orbital exenteration, Ocular surface squamous neoplasia, Orbital tumour

Résumé
Objectif: Pour rapporter le profil démographique, la présentation clinique, les diagnostics histologiques et les résultats du traitement chez les patients qui ont eu une exentération orbitaire (OE) dans un établissement de santé tertiaire

Méthodes: Examen rétrospectif des dossiers médicaux de tous les patients qui ont eu une OE sur une période de 10 ans.

Résultats: Soixante-huit patients (H: F, 1,2: 1) ont eu une OE avec un âge moyen de 37,8 ± 23,4 ans et un âge maximal entre 30 et 49 ans. La surface oculaire était le site d’origine tumorale le plus fréquent chez 35 (51,5%) patients, suivie de la propagation de la tumeur intraoculaire dans l’orbite chez 7 (10,3%) patients. Soixante (88,2%) patients ont subi une OE pour des tumeurs malignes dont le carcinome épidermoïde invasif (SCC) de la surface oculaire représentait 32 (47,1%) cas. Vingt-huit (41,2%) patients ont été testés positifs pour le VIH, dont 27 (39,7%) avaient une SCC invasive. Vingt-six (38,2%) patients ont commencé un traitement adjuvant après l’opération, dont 7 (10,3%) ont eu un traitement complet, tandis que 34 (51,5%) patients ont abandonné un traitement postopératoire supplémentaire. Les sept patients qui ont terminé leur traitement adjuvant étaient en vie et sans tumeur entre 6 et 74 mois après le traitement; tandis que huit des 34 patients qui ont abandonné le traitement postopératoire ont développé une récidive tumorale.

Conclusions: L’invasion orbitale du carcinome épidermoïde de la surface oculaire est l’indication la plus courante de l’OE dans notre centre. La chimiothérapie adjuvante a augmenté la survie des patients atteints de tumeurs orbitales malignes avancées après l’exentération et a probablement amélioré leur qualité de vie. L’éducation sanitaire de la population lors d’une présentation précoce aux établissements de santé appropriés peut réduire le fardeau des cas nécessitant une exentération orbitale.

Mots clés: Ibadan, Nigéria, Exentération orbitale, Néoplasie épidermoïde de la surface oculaire, Tumeur orbitale

Correspondence: Dr. O Fasina, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: yemifash2000@yahoo.com

pdf (engelsk)

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