Resum
Background: Skin prick testing is an established way of investigating respiratory allergic diseases to determine the allergen or allergens responsible for clinical symptoms as well as degree of reactivity in the individual cases.
Objective: To study the skin sensitivity to various aeroallergens by skin prick test in selected asthmatic patients (with and without concurrent Allergic Rhinitis)
Design: A prospective case-control study.
Setting: Tertiary Health Institution.
Subjects: Cases were 160 adult patients with confirmed bronchial asthma and controls were 160 subjects without bronchial asthma.
Methods: Skin prick test was performed with a panel of allergens which included house dust mites, cockroach, cat, dog, moulds, and aspergillus fumigatus on all subjects.
Results: Amongst the asthmatic patients 148 (92%) had positive skin tests to the allergens, this is higher than findings from previous studies carried out on asthmatics in Lagos. The house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssimus) had the highest proportion of reactions among the study group. There is a higher incidence of severe reactions to other allergens (grass mix, dog skin, cat skin, aspergillus, cockroach) in the asthmatics than the control.
Conclusion: The skin test is a valuable diagnostic tool in detecting the presence and degree of allergy in asthmatics in our environment. However, the house dustmite was allergen that most of the subjects reacted to.
Keywords; Aeroallergens, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, skin prick test
Résumé
Contexte: Le test de piqure de la peau est une façon établie d’enquêter sur les maladies allergiques respiratoires pour déterminer l’allergène ou les allergènes responsables des symptômes cliniques ainsi que le degré de réactivité dans les cas individuels.
Objectif: Pour étudier la sensibilité de la peau à divers allergènes-aéré par test de la piqûre de la peau chez les patients asthmatiques sélectionnés (avec et sans concurrente Rhinite Allergique)
Design: Une étude prospective avec cas de repères.
Cadre: Institution Tertiaire de santé.
Sujets: Les cas étaient 160 patients adultes souffrant d’asthme bronchique confirmé et 160 sujets étaient cas de repères sans asthme bronchique.
Méthodes: Le test de piqûre de la peau a été réalisée avec un panel d’allergènes qui comprenait les acariens, blattes, chat, chien, moules, et l’Aspergillus fumigatus sur tous les sujets.
Résultats: Parmi les patients asthmatiques, 148 (92%) avaient des tests cutanés positifs aux allergènes, ceci est plus élevé que les résultats d’études antérieures effectuées sur les asthmatiques à Lagos. Les acariens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) avaient la plus grande proportion de réactions au sein du groupe d’étude. Il ya une incidence plus élevée de réactions graves aux autres allergènes (mélange d’herbe, peau de chien, peau de chat, aspergillus, blattes) dans les asthmatiques que les cas de repères.
Conclusion: Le test de la peau est un outil précieux de diagnostic pour détecter la présence et le degré d’allergie chez les asthmatiques dans notre environnement. Cependant, l’acarien était allergène auquel la plupart des sujets ont réagi à.
Mots Clés; Allergènes-aéré, la rhinite allergique, l’asthme bronchique, test de la piqûre de la peau
Correspondence: Dr. S.M. Oladeji, Department of Surgery, ENT Unit, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, IlisanRemo, Ogun State, Nigeria. E-mail: susanoladeji@yahoo.com
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