الملخص
People living with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection who smoke tobacco are more likely to develop several opportunistic infections, and also suffer complications from antiretroviral medication than the non smokers of tobacco. The burden of tobacco smoking amongst people living with this infection is poorly understood in the African population. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence and determinants of tobacco smoking among HIV patients in North Eastern Nigeria. We enrolled 312 adult HIV sero-positive patients attending the Federal Medical Centre Yola, Nigeria. A modified World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended questionnaire was used to obtain information from consented subjects. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking among HIV patients was 22.1% .The male to female ratio of smokers was 2:1 .Peer pressure (25.8%) and pleasure (25.8%) were reported as the most common reasons for smoking tobacco. Multivariate analysis shows that male gender, age ranged 40-49 years, alcohol drinking and CD4 T lymphocyte count <200cells/mm3 were positively associated with tobacco smoking. The prevalence of tobacco smoking among HIV patients in North Eastern Nigeria was high. Therefore, smoking should be discouraged in people living with HIV to reduce their morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Prevalence, determinants, tobacco, adults’, HIV, Nigeria.
Résumé
Les personnes vivant avec l’infection du virus immuno-déficient (VIH) qui fument du tabac sont plus susceptibles de développer plusieurs infections opportunistes, et souffrent aussi des complications due à la médication antirétrovirale que ceux qui ne fument pas du tabac. Le fléau de tabac consomme parmi les personnes vivant avec cette infection est peu comprise au sein de la population africaine. Le but de cette étude était d’établir le taux et les déterminants de la consommation du tabac parmi les patients du VIH au Nord Est du Nigeria. Nous avons recruté 312 patients adultes séropositifs atteignant le centre médical fédéral de Yola au Nigeria. Un questionnaire modifié recommandé par l’Organisation Mondiale de la Sante(OMS) était utilisé pour obtenir des informations des sujets consentants. La prévalence de consommation courante de cigarettes parmi les patients du VIH était de 22%. Le ratio male sur femelle des fumeurs était 2:1 l’influence des camarades (25.8%) et le plaisir (25.8%) étaient reporté comme les raisons les plus communes de fumer le tabac. Des analyses multi variées montrent que le genre male, tranche d’âge de 40-49ans, buvant de l’alcool et le taux des lymphocytes CD4 < 200 cellules/mm3 étaient associés positivement avec la consommation du tabac. La prévalence de consommation du tabac parmi les patients du VIH au Nord Est du Nigeria était forte cependant fumer devrait être déconseillé aux personnes vivant avec le VIH pour réduire leur morbidité et mortalité.
Correspondence: Dr. O.O. Desalu, Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. E-mail: femuy1967@yahoo.co.uk
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