Abstrakt
Food allergens have been described in studies in southern parts of Nigeria but rarely in northern parts of Nigeria. Furthermore, the role of specific antibody to such allergen moieties have not been determined. The aim of this study is to assess the role of two common food items in the aetiology of asthma in Zaria. RASTspecific IgE to milk and egg, which are two common foods in Nigeria, and skin prick tests were therefore studied in bronchial asthma patients and controls in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria to determine their significance in the clinical manifestation of asthma patients. Total serum IgA, IgE and secretory IgA were also measured in patients and controls. RAST titres were poorly discriminating between controls and patients, although six patients had history of gastrointestinal symptoms after ingestion of egg while three patients had history of such symptoms, some with positive skin prick tests and high RAST-specific IgE titres. Asthmatic patients had significantly higher mean serum secretory IgA and total IgA levels than controls while total serum IgE levels were similarly distributed among patients and controls. It is suggested that
provocation tests are mandatory to confirm bronchial allergic reactions to egg and milk and perhaps other food allergens in Nigerians in view of the non-discriminant RAST titres obtained in this study.
Keywords: RAST-specific IgE, Egg, Milk allergens, asthma
Résumé
Les substances allergènes ont été décrit dans les études au sud du Nigeria mais rarement au nord du Nigeria. Le rôle des anticorps spécifiques sur ces allergènes n’ont pas été déterminées. Le but de cette étude est de déterminée le rôle de deux aliments communs, ayant pour but d’évaluer le rôle de deux paramètres symptomatiques de l’asthme à Zaria. L’anticorps E spécifiques au RAST au lait et les œufs qui sont les aliments communs au Nigeria, qui sont deux substances communes au Nigeria, and tests d’un échantillon de la peau était cependant étudié chez les patients atteint
d’asthme bronchial et des contrôles au Centre Universitaire Hospitalier d’Ahmadu Bello, Zaria pour déterminer leur importance dans les manifestations Clinique des patients asthmatiques. Ainsi étudié chez les patients asthmatiques et sains dans cet hôpital pour déterminer leur importance dans la manifestation clinique. Le taux du sérum en IgA, IgE et IgA sécrétoire étaient mesure chez les patients et le groupe sain. Les RAST titrés étaient moins discrimines entre les patients et les sujets sain, Bien que six patients avaient l’histoire des symptômes gastro-intestinaux après l’ingestion d’œufs alors que trois patients avaient l’histoire de tels symptômes, certain avec un test positif de la peau et haut spécificité des RAST-IgE titrès. Les patients asthmatiques avaient un taux moyen signicativement élevé de sérum sécrétoire IgA et le taux total IgA que les sujets sains alors que le taux du sérum en IgE était semblablement distribué parmi les patients et les sujets sain. Il est suggéré que la provocation des tests sont obligatoires pour confirmer les réactions d’allergies bronchiales aux œufs et au lait et certaines nourritures allergènes chez les Nigérians en vue d’obtenir les non-discriminants de RAST titrés dans cette étude.
Correspondence: Professor GC Onyemelukwe, Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.
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