الملخص
Background: Malaria contributes significantly to under-five mortality in Nigeria. Home management and prevention of malaria are key interventions for its control. However, effectiveness of these interventions require mothers’ adequate knowledge and appropriate skills. The 2011 Disease surveillance and notification report of Osun state showed that the under-five malaria burden in Egbedore Local Government Area (LGA) was more than one third of the total in the state for all age groups in 2008, 2009 and 2010. This study assessed effects of nurse-led health education and supportive supervision on knowledge and practice of home management and prevention of malaria by mothers of under-fives in the LGA.
Materials and method: The study utilised quasi-experimental design. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 837 mothers of under-fives in seven out of ten wards of the LGA.The mothers were randomly assigned into one Control Group (CG) and two intervention groups: Health Education Group (HEG) and Health Education and Supportive Supervision Group (HESSG). The study instruments were observation checklist and structured questionnaire. Data collection was at pre-(P1) and post-interventions at one month (P2), three months (P3) and six months (P4). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi square test and ANOVA at p = 0.05.
Results: There were significant improvements in overall knowledge scores of the intervention groups at post-intervention. These improvements appreciably translated to better practice of home management and prevention of malaria and this relationship was significant.The home environment, headship of family and family structure significantly influenced home management and prevention of malaria.
Conclusion: Nurse-led health education and supportive supervision improved knowledge and practice of home management and prevention of malaria in Egbedore LGA. These approaches are therefore recommended.
Keywords: Nurse-led health education, Nurse-led supportive supervision, Under-fives, Home management of malaria, Malaria prevention.
Résumé
Contexte: Le paludisme contribue significativement à la mortalité des moins de cinq ans au Nigeria. La gestion et prévention à domicile du paludisme sont des interventions clés pour son contrôle. Cependant, l’efficacité de ces interventions nécessite des connaissances adéquates et des compétences appropriées des mères. Le rapport de surveillance et de notification des maladies, 2011, de l’état de Osun a montré que le fardeau du paludisme des moins de cinq ans dans la communauté d’Egbedore était plus d’un tiers du total de l’état pour tous les groupes d’âge en 2008, 2009 et 2010. Cette étude A évalué les effets de l’éducation sur la santé dirigée par les infirmières et la supervision de soutien sur la connaissance et la pratique de la gestion et prévention à domicile du paludisme par les mères des moins de cinq ans dans la communauté.
Matériaux et méthode: L’étude a utilisé un modèle quasi-expérimental. La technique d’échantillonnage stratifié a été utilisée pour sélectionner 837 mères de moins de cinq ans dans sept quartiers sur dix de la commune. Les mères ont été réparties au hasard dans un Groupe témoin (CG) et deux groupes d’intervention: Groupe d’Education Sanitaire (GES) et Groupe d’Education Sanitaire et de Supervision de Soutien (GESSS). Les instruments d’étude étaient une liste de contrôle d’observation et un questionnaire structuré. La collecte des données a été effectuée au pré (P1) et après les interventions à un mois (P2), trois mois (P3) et six mois (P4). Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptives, du test du Chi-carré et de l’ANOVA à p = 0,05.
Résultats: Il y a eu des améliorations significatives dans les notes globales de connaissances des groupes d’intervention lors de la post-intervention. Ces améliorations se sont traduites sensiblement par une meilleure pratique de la gestion à domicile et de la prévention du paludisme et cette relation était significative. L’environnement familial, le leadership familial et la structure familiale ont considérablement influencé la gestion et prévention à domicile du paludisme.
Conclusion: L’éducation à la santé et la supervision de la santé menées par les infirmières ont permis d’améliorer la connaissance et la pratique de la gestion et prévention à domicile du paludisme dans la communauté d’Egbedore. Ces approches sont donc recommandées.
Mots-clés: Éducation à la santé dirigée par les infirmières, supervision de soutien menée par les infirmières, Moins de cinq ans, Gestion à domicile du paludisme, Prévention du paludisme.
Correspondence: Mrs. M.O.A. Adeyemo, Department of Nursing, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, College of Health Sciences, Isale Osogbo, Nigeria. Email:moaadeyemo@lautech.edu.ng
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