الملخص
Traders form a large percentage of the female work force in Nigeria and may spend long hours at work, thereby putting their children at risk of inadequate immunization. The study assessed primary immunization completion rate and the determinants of immunization status among the children of female market traders in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out in Bodija market among female traders who had children aged 12 to 23 months. The subjects were selected by systematic random sampling and data collected with an interviewer administered semistructured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to estimate the predictors of incomplete immunization for the socio-demographic variables. A total of 418 women were interviewed. Ninety two percent worked > 6 days a week and 78.5% had their children with them in the market all the time. Full immunization by both card and history was recorded in only 40.7% while 8.4% children had never been immunized. The highest vaccine coverage was seen with BCG (91.4%) while Hepatitis B (1%) had the lowest coverage. DPT1 to DPT3 vaccine drop out rate was 32.1%. All the immunizations were received in health facilities. The immunization coverage rate among children of female traders was low. Routine immunization sites should be made available in the markets.
Keywords: Child; immunization status; vaccine coverage; determinants; female traders; Ibadan; Nigeria
Résumé
Les commercantes forment un pourcentage élevé des femmes actives au Nigéria et peuvent passer de longue heures au travail, laissant ainsi leurs enfants au risque d’immunisation inadéquate. Cette étude évaluait le taux d’immunisation primaire compléte et les déterminants du status immunitaire parmi les commercantes á Ibadan,sud ouest du Nigeria. Une section de la communauté surveillée était faite au marché Bodija parmi les femmes commercantes ayant les enfants de 12 á 23 mois. Systématiquement, Les sujets étaient sélectionnés au hazard et les données collectées á l’aide d’un questionaire sémi structurée. La régréssion logistique était utilisée pour estimer les prédicteurs de l’immunisation incompléte/partielle pour les variables socio-démographiques. Au total 418 femmes étaient interviewées. 92% travaillaient e” 6 jours par semaine et 78.5% avaient leurs enfants avec eux au marché. L’immunization complete par la carte et l’histoire était enregistré chez 40.7% alors que 8.4% d’enfants n’étaient pas immunisés. La couverture la plus élevée du vaccin était avec le BCG (91.4%) et Hépatite B (1%) avait la plus faible couverture. Le taux d’échec des vaccins DPT1 au DPT3 était de 32.1%. Toutes les immunisations étaient obtenues aux centres des soins de santé. Le taux de couverture d’immunisation parmi les enfants des commercantes était faible. Les sites d’immunisation routinier devraient etre disponibles aux commercantes.
Correspondence: Dr. Regina Oladokun, Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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